What is Neuroblastoma?

Neuroblastoma is the most common cancer found in infants.

Neuroblastoma is a rare cancer of the sympathetic nervous system; a nerve network that carries messages from the brain throughout the body. These solid tumors which take the form of a lump or mass may begin in nerve tissues in the neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis, or most commonly in the adrenal gland. They may also spread to other areas of the body, including bone and bone marrow.

The median age for tumor discovery is two years, and it occurs somewhat more in boys than girls. Its frequency is second only to brain tumors and it is seldom seen in children over 14 years old.

What causes Neuroblastoma?

Like most cancers, its cause is unknown. Many researchers believe that neuroblastomas develop when normal neuroblasts fail to mature into nerve cells. Instead, they continue to grow and divide uncontrollably, leading to a cancerous tumor. It is extremely difficult to diagnose in small children, and once diagnosed, its progression is often rapid and very painful. Although neuroblastoma accounts for only 8% of all childhood cancers, it is responsible for over 15% of the deaths.